Comparison of Kurdish and German fairy tales in terms of type and motif / Berawirdkirina çîrokên Kurdî û yên Almanî ji hêla tîp û motîfan ve

One of the most prominent narrative genres of folk literature is fairy tales. Despite their simple structure, fairy tales have been the subject of complex studies due to their form and content. Folklore researchers have made various studies in order to find the essence or source of them and to better understand and compare them. In addition, the two concepts used by researchers working on fairy tales have been the concept of type and motif. Many studies have been carried out on fairy tales based on the concepts of type and motif. In this study, we compared the fairy tales of the German brothers Wilhelm and Jacob Grimm, who are among the leading examples of the world of fairy tales, and the Kurdish fairy tales in terms of their types and motifs. In this study, which can be evaluated in the field of Comparative Folklore, we compared twenty-three German fairy tales belonging to nineteen tale types and thirty-four Kurdish fairy tales. In order to make this comparison, the motifs of the samples belonging to the same tale type were determined one by one and these motifs were compared with each other. In addition, although this comparison is based on type and motif, other social-cultural elements in the fairy tales were also determined and compared. The similarities and differences of these motifs and social-cultural elements in the fairy tales, as well as their meanings, are explained. The original motifs in the Kurdish fairy tales are also determined and the titles that should be included in the Motif-Index are specified. Çîrok yek ji cureyên sereke yên edebiyata gelêrî ye. Li gel ku binyata çîrokan xwerû ye, ew hem ji hêla şêwazî û hem ji hêla naverokî ve bûne mijara xebatên kompleks. Vekolerên folklorê xebatên curbicur kirine da ku gewher yan jêdera çîrokan bibînin, wan baştir fam bikin û berawird bikin. Du têgehên sereke ku vekoler di van xebatan de bi kar tînin, tîp û motîf in. Li derdora van her du têgehan gelek xebat hatine kirin ku xebata me jî dibe yek ji wan. Me di vê xebatê de çîrokên almanî yên Wilhelm û Jacob Grimm û çîrokên kurdî di çarçoveya tîp û motîfan de berawird kirin ku lewma ev xebat dikeve nav qada folklora berawirdî jî. Me bîst û sê çîrokên almanî û sî û çar çîrokên kurdî di nozdeh tîpan de berawird kirin. Di vê çarçoveyê de me motîfên nimûneyên ji heman tîpê yek bi yek tesbît kirin û ew berawird kirin. Li gel vê yekê herçend bingeha berawirdkirinê li ser tîp û motîfan be jî, me hêmanên civakî-çandî yên di çîrokan de jî tesbît kirin û ew berawird kirin. Li gel manendî û cudahiyên motîf û hêmanên civakî-çandî yên di çîrokan de, me maneyên wan jî rave kirin. Me motîfên xweser ên çîrokên kurdî jî tesbît kirin û sernavên wan ên di Motîf-Îndeksê de dîyar kirin.