Organizational culture and leadership: A study of investigating the effective leader behaviors suitable to the organizational culture

Considering the effects of organizational culture on leader's attributes in an organization and using quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis, the.study investigates organizational culture, organizational leadership and the relationships between organizational culture and leadership in a big Turkish public organizigplon; The analysis of quantitative data reveals the opinions' of leaders about organizational "as is" and "should be" cultures, and effective leader behaviors peculiar to organizations.. In general, the results indicate that power distance, uncertainty avoidance, group-based collectivism (Colleetivism-I) and society-based collectivism (Collectivism-ll) are high, but future orientation, performance orientation and humane orientation are low in this particular organization. The results also show that the leaders of this public organization expect that changes about applications resulting from cultural dimensions concerning Collectivism ! and Collectivism-! 1 should be reduced, and that changes in applications about future orientation, performance orientation and humane orientation should be enhanced. It has been found that there is a positive and significant correlation between a!l cultural dimensions of this organization except power distance and assertiveness. Some cultural dimensions have been seen to have a positive and significant correlation with "positive leader behaviors", and negative and significant correlation with "negative leader behaviors." Effective leader behaviors befitting this organization come under nine factors, two of which come to the foreground: one profile of leadership is "team oriented, dynamic, visionary, honest" and the other is "systematic, encouraging, unifying, calm". This study also reveals "the areas in which modifications are required in organizational applications" and "the effective leader behaviors" that must be integrated into the leader development program of the organization. Keywords: Culture, organizational culture, effective, leadership, leader behaviors, GLOBE, public organization, leadership attributes.