Interralations of a city and costs in the process of shore clearing, a definition of unban shores, and a developments strategies of urban shores based on the definition: A case study of Istanbul

The aim of the research is in the process of the clearing of the shores in the urban areas, to explore the factors which affet the formation of shores since the beginning of the interrelation in between cities and the shores and in future. Moreover, to develop a comprehensive shore development model for urban areas as well as a defination of urban shores. In the direction of this aim, in the first stage, the concept of environment is stressed together with its social, spatial and economic aspects. Thereafter, relations of urban and shores, and the factors which affect this reletions such as, transportation, technology, defence, economy, planning and the code of laws are investigated in the urbanisation process. Meanwhile, redevelopment of the shores is explored in the pre - industrial and industrial period, and new hypothesises are developed on these aspects. In the second stage, the affects of the factors which are mentioned in the first stage, on the city of Istanbul and its shores are explored, and it is tested in the Istanbul Metropoliten Area. In the third stage of study, development examples which based on the urban - shore relation in the world and Turkey are investigated together with aspects of planning and organization, and the developments in the world and Turkey are compared. In the last stage, the hypothesises are tested via findings from the case study, and a proposal is made for development of shores in the city of Istanbul which also consist of a definition of shores in urban areas.Keywords : urban shore, technology, ecology, planning, partnership