Concepts of Arabic semantics in the axis of word-meaning

Many of the theories which are put forward by modern linguists about meaning - although they differ in certain respects - have been discussed by Arabic linguists long ago and passed on to us. The scholars have made an intensive effort to understand the Qur'an from its revelation to the present day; they have created huge works starting from the early periods to comprehend the divine message through the literary arts, meaning relationships in it. In this sense, the existence of tarāduf, furūq, ishtirāk and aḍdād, which are concepts that preoccupy both Arabic philologist, commentators and scholars of usūl, have been discussed in related works, conceptual frameworks have been tried to draw, and thus a huge literature has emerged on these issues. In our study, the evolution of these concepts of Arabic semantics from the past to the present in terms of signification and their adventures in becoming a term are explained in the context of the word-meaning relationship by chronologically scanning classical and modern sources. According to our determination, all the concepts, although they are referred to as terms in later times, they have existed as concepts since the 2nd century Hijri. However, the explanations made during this period remained superficial, and the scope of the definitions put forward was kept wide. While the case continues for a while, in parallel with developments in the field of linguistics in the modern era in the West, Arabic linguists have reinterpreted these concepts with modern linguistic methods and tools and the rich accumulation of the past and have gone on the path of narrowing their fields by putting forward several conditions. Of course, while there is a narrowing in the scope of tarāduf among these concepts, the field of existence of furūq, which arose in response to it, or even what we can think of as its opposite, has expanded, and the phenomenon of furūq has come to the fore rather than tarāduf in Arabic semantics and Qur'anic sciences.Keywords: Semantics, Al-aḍdād, Al-furūq, Al-ishtirāk, Al-tarāduf.