Laccase catalysed dyestuff synthesis and investigation of the dyeing properties of synthesized products

The growth and development of the chemical industry is worrisome due to the negative environmental impact of the chemicals used while imperative for technological advances. Known common production techniques of textile dyes; diazo is not environmentally friendly due to the fact that it is based on the realization of reactions such as coupling and condensation, so it is resistant to high amounts of acids, bases, and waste products formed with dyestuff during the production process. The fact that enzymes, which are biological catalysts, can carry out chemical reactions under neutral conditions without causing by-products has brought their use as an alternative to classical dyestuff production methods. Laccases, which belong to the oxidoreductase enzyme class, can catalyze and react chemical structures with hydroxy and amine functional groups in their structures. Within the scope of the thesis, phenolic and aromatic raw materials, which are defined as harmless to the environment with industrially produced laccase enzymes, heterocyclic dyestuffs containing phenazine, phenoxazine, phenoxazinone and phenothiazine groups under reaction conditions in which laccases perform optimally, were synthesized, characterized and studied for their use as an ecological alternative to existing textile dyestuffs. The dyestuff properties of the synthesized laccase-catalyzed compounds were examined and it was determined that they provided fastness values that could be an alternative to azo dyestuffs currently used in the dyeing of nylon and nylon blended fabrics. With the widespread and commercialization of enzymatic syntheses, the goal of a cleaner and more sustainable world will be possible.