Rol of the dictionaries with phonetic system in development of Arabic grammar

The words of the Arabic language were learned and transferred in oral forms before Islam. The process of literacy and recording, which started with Islam, continued with grammar studies and collecting the words of the language. At the beginning of the reasons affecting this is the reflex of misreading the Qur'an, which started with the increase of the conquest movements, and then protecting the Arabic language against similar mistakes These studies, which started as small treatises at first, later turned into comprehensive works in order to collect all the words of the Arabic language. At the beginning of the comprehensive studies is Kitâb al-'ain, considered to belong to al-Khalil ibn Ahmad (d. 175/791). This dictionary, which was prepared with a unique method based on the origin of the letters, was later followed by al-Bâri' fî gharîb al-lugha al-'Arabiyyah, Tahdhîb al-lugha, al-Muḥîṭ fi l-lugha and al-Muḥkam wa l-muḥîṭ al-aa'ẓam fi'l-luġa. In these dictionaries, which were written in the first five hundred years of the Hijri, not only the meaning of the words of the language are explained, but also very valuable determinations and comments on the grammar of the Arabic language. In the research, first of all, it was tried to reveal the interaction between them and the determinations and comments made about the Arabic grammar in the dictionaries mentioned above. Afterwards, it has been tried to reveal the contribution of these determinations and comments to the Arabic grammar through the interaction of the authors living in the period we mentioned in the scope of the study and their works. The study consists of four chapters. The subject and importance of the study, purpose, scope, method and similar studies in the field are mentioned in the introduction. In the first chapter, information is given about lexicography in general terms and the general introduction of dictionaries within the scope of the research and the methods of presentation of their words. In the second chapter, the determinations about morphology in the dictionaries and the approaches of the dictionaries to the grammatical words in the subject headings in terms of word and term meaning are discussed. In the third chapter, the approaches of the dictionaries about the grammatical words mentioned in the detection, interpretation and subject headings related to the syntax area are discussed. In the fourth chapter, it has been tried to show its role in the development of Arabic grammar by taking Kitâb al-'ayn to the center, its effect on the grammatical studies after it, and the narrations in the content of the dictionaries. Keywords: Arabic language, dictionary, lexicography, Kitâb al-'ain, morphology, syntax.