Pharmaceutical botanical studies on Hypericum L. species distributed in Malatya province

Aim: The aim of this thesis is to determine the morphological, anatomical, palynological features, antioxidant activities, essential oil compositions and the amounts of some phenolic compounds of 11 taxa of the genus Hypericum L. distributed in Malatya. Material and Method: The plant materials were collected during the field studies from the locations of taxa. Morphological, anatomical and palynological studies were performed on the collected specimens. Antioxidant activity studies were carried out with water and methanol extracts prepared from the collected samples, by using the DPPH and ABTS methods. The essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of the collected samples were analyzed by the GC-MS equipments. HPLC device was used in phenolic studies. Results: In the anatomical examinations, it was determined that the roots and stems of the samples had a similar structure, while the leaf anatomy showed some differences. In the leaf; It shows differences in terms of features such as secretory or non-secretory emergences, single or double layered epiderm, phloem cells with or without secretory canals, equifacial or bifacial mesophyll layer. The stomatas are anisocytic in the all specimens. Phenolic contents are varies according to samples and extracts. The main components were found as α-pinene, spathulenol and limonene in the essential oil. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the methanol extract of H. perforatum in the DPPH and ABTS methods. Conclusion: The anatomical features of H. microcalycinum, H. retusum, H. uniglandulosum, H. capitatum var. luteum and H. malatyanum, the palynologically properties of H. spectabile, H. uniglandulosum, H. capitatum var. luteum, H. thymopsis and H. malatyanum were given for the first time in this study. Subprolate and prolate pollen shapes were more frequently observed among the specimens. Some phenolic contents of the specimens were determined by HPLC. Antioxidant activity studies were carried out with two different methods. Essential oil components of H. malatyanum were given for the first time in this study. Keywords: Anatomy, Antioxidant Activity, Essential oil, Hypericaceae, Morphology