The effects of biological fertilization on plant development, yield and yield components of wheat (triticum durum L. ) in mardin ecological conditions

This study was carried out in 2022-2023, using grafted durum wheat seeds prepared in Siirt University Faculty of Agriculture Field Crops Department Laboratories, in parcel number 109/1 located in Küçükköy neighborhood of Mardin Province Artuklu District, according to the randomized block trial design, with 3 replications and 18 parcels. It was aimed to determine the effects of previously diagnosed KF36B (Nitrogen Fixer), B2: KF3A (Nitrogen Fixer), B3: KF58C (Nitrogen Fixer and Phosphate Solvent) and BMIX (Triple Mixture) on the development of Edessa durum wheat variety. According to the tests performed, plant height (cm), spike height (cm), number of tillers (pcs), number of spikes per square meter (pcs/m2), number of spikelets per spike (pcs/spike), number of grains per spike (pcs/spike), thousand grain weight. (gram), grain yield (kg/da), biological yield (kg/da), hectoliter weight (kg/100 l), ten-ear weight (gram), protein (%), sedimentation (ml), wet gluten (% ) and harvest index (%) were determined. In the study carried out; With the applications made on Edessa durum wheat variety, average plant height was 63.85-74.98 cm, spike length was 6.63-7.77 cm, tiller number was 4.37-5.97, spike number per square meter was 359-577 pieces/m2, spikelet number per spike was 16.67-18.67 pieces/spike, grain number per spike was 45.30-65.30 pieces/spike, grain yield was 216-303 kg/da, biological yield was 522-662 kg/da, hectolitre weight was 79.60-80.80 (kg/100 l), protein (%) was 13.77-16.47, sedimentation (ml) was 55.33-76.33, wet gluten (%) was 29.70-35.93 and harvest index was %. It was determined that it varied between 35.97-50.27. As a result, the lowest grain yield in the durum bread wheat variety was obtained from the Control group with 216 kg/da, while the grain yield was 230 kg/da in the uninoculated and full dose fertilization application, the highest grain yield was obtained from the application inoculated with BMIX (triple mixture) with 303 kg/da and from KF58C (B3: Nitrogen Fixer and Phosphate Solvent) with 297 kg/da, and it is thought that these two bacterial applications can be an alternative to chemical fertilization as microbial fertilizer material since they significantly increase grain yield.