Investigation on the metabolic effects of nanoparticles(Al2O3, CuO, TiO2) in mammals (Rattus norvegicus Var. albinos)

In this study, response of mammalian metabolism against metal nanoparticles were determined using the blood parameters. Mature female rats (Rattus norvegicus var. albinos) were exposed orally to aluminum, copper and titanium nanoparticles (Al2O3, CuO, TiO2) for 14 days using different doses (0, 0.5, 5, 50 mg/kg). At the end of this period, the levels of serum biomarkers (glucose, cholesterol, creatinin, urea, trigiliserid, biluribin, protein, ALP, ALT, AST, cortizol, T3, T4, estradiol, prolactin, IgG, IgM, IgE, total oxidant, total antioxidant) belonging to different metabolic systems and the activities of osmoregulation enzymes (Na,K-ATPase, Mg-ATPase, Ca-ATPase) were measured (a total of 24 parameters). Data showed that there were several alterations in some serum parameters in rats exposed to the nanoparticles. TiO2 increased the activities of the liver enzymes, while Al2O3 and CuO were effective on the biochemical serum parameters. CuO decreased the levels of IgM, while Al2O3, TiO2 did not affect the immune system. There were increases in total oxidant levels in the serum, while there was significant change in total antioxidant levels. The effect order of nanoparticles in the serum of rats were; CuO>Al2O3>TiO2. Osmoregulation enzymes were strongly affected from nanoparticle application of rats. All nanoparticles decreased the activity of Na,K-ATPase in the erythrocytes, though there were increases in the activities of Mg-ATPase and Ca-ATPase after TiO2 exposure. This study demonstrated the toxic effects of nanoparticles on different systems belonging to mammalian metabolism.