The effect of text structure teaching on independent speaking skills

In this study, the effectiveness of the Genre Process-Based Model of Independent Speaking (TSBKM) was examined to improve the independent speaking skills of B1-B2 level learners of Turkish as a foreign language. In addition to this, the effects of TSBKM on learners' speaking motivation, anxiety, attitudes and self-efficacy perceptions were investigated. The study aims to contribute to the literature in terms of conceptualizing independent speaking skill and presenting an innovative linguistically based speaking instructional model. The study was designed using an exploratory sequential design based on mixed method. A quasi-experimental design was used in the quantitative part of the study. The study group consisted of 40 learners (20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group) who learned Turkish at B1 and B2 levels at BAİBÜ TÖMER in the spring semester of the 2023-2024 academic year. The participants in the experimental group were given a 15-week speaking training based on TSBKM, while the participants in the control group continued their traditional speaking training. Quantitative data were collected using a personal information form, a rating scale for descriptive independent speaking, speaking anxiety, motivation, attitude and self-efficacy scale. Qualitative data were collected using a semi-structured interview form. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hypothesis tests, while the qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis and categorical analysis. The results of the study revealed that the TSBKM significantly improved learners' independent speaking skills. Quantitative findings show that learners in the experimental group increased their achievement in expository independent speaking, speaking motivation, and self-efficacy perceptions; at the same time, their speaking anxiety decreased and their speaking attitudes changed positively. The qualitative findings also coincide with and support the quantitative findings. It has been proved that TSBKM contributes to the cognitive and affective development of learners and is an effective model for learners' independent speaking training.