Comparison of the clinical effectiveness of non-surgical periodontal therapy in psoriasis patients treated with methotrexate and biologic agents: A retrospective study

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of secukinumab, ustekinumab, and methotrexate, used in the treatment of psoriasis, on non-surgical periodontal therapy in individuals with periodontitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 psoriasis patients were included in the study, divided into three groups: Group A (15 patients using Methotrexate; systemic conventional treatment), Group B (15 patients using Secukinumab; biological treatment), and Group C (15 patients using Ustekinumab; biological treatment). The clinical periodontal parameters of the patients before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy were retrospectively examined. Additionally, the patients' systemic diseases, periodontal diagnosis/treatment histories, and demographic data were included in the study. Clinical and demographic data were statistically analyzed. Results: In the intergroup evaluation, no statistically significant differences were observed in clinical and demographic parameters before non-surgical periodontal therapy among the three groups (p>0.001). After non-surgical periodontal therapy, gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing index (BOP) values were significantly lower in the biological treatment groups (Group B and Group C) compared to the methotrexate group (p<0.001). In the intragroup evaluation, a statistically significant decrease in all clinical parameters (except clinical attachment level, CAL) was detected in each group before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy (p<0.05). Discussion: In this study, it was observed that non-surgical periodontal therapy in psoriasis patients treated with conventional or biologic treatment led to greater recovery in clinical inflammatory parameters (GI and BOP) in the secukinumab and ustekinumab groups compared to the methotrexate group.