Modeling of Khassa Chai dam watershed by using ArcGIS-SWAT and WMS

Runoff estimation is a critical part of watershed management and is an issue that has a direct impact on dam performance because of its effects on dam efficiency and operating schedule. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) which is part of the ArcGIS program, and Watershed Modeling System (WMS) were used to estimate the runoff volume for the Khassa Chai dam watershed in Kirkuk, Iraq. Its goal is to predict daily-monthly runoff volume for the dam during the period (2002–2021) and use this data to predict changes in study area to aid management in planning and managing this significant reservoir. The land use map, soil map, and digital elevation model (DEM) were used throughout the research. The SWAT model was calibrated from 1999 to 2000 years and validated using 1992 year.〖 R〗^2, IOA and NSE were used to confirm the results. The statistical values for the calibration and validation of runoff results show that observed and predicted values are in excellent agreement. The results of calibration, IOA, NSE, and 〖 R〗^2 reached 0.95, 0.85, and 0.91, respectively. Whereas the outcomes of validation IOA, NSE, and 〖 R〗^2 became 0.92, 0.75, and 0.90, respectively. In comparison, Two models results are same and identical, so for reservoir management, this form of runoff simulation is critical. Furthermore, this method has the ability to be used as a tool for khassa chai dam water resource management.