Portrait as a of expression in modern art (A psychoanalytic approach)

This study aimed to question the relationship between the artist's subconscious and to explore how this is reflected in his portrait works as an expression, based on the main examples of portrait works, which have been the subject of many artists' works from the beginning to the present, based on the main examples made in the modern period. In the understanding of modern art that emerged after the second half of the 19th century, the artist's orientation from external reality to internal reality and the understanding of representation brought expressionism to the fore in portrait works as in other fields. With this approach, the subconscious elements of the face, which was depicted as imitation until the modern period, depending on the past life of the artist, caused the artists to produce works in different styles and understandings. In this direction, the portrait works of the artists were obtained by qualitative scanning method from written and printed sources, and the artist and portrait works identified at the end of the scanning were classified according to perceptual differences and analyzed according to periods and tried to be analyzed in the light of Freud's psychoanalytic analysis approach. As a result of the evaluation made with the psychoanalytic method, it has been seen that the portrait works reveal an original approach depending on the artist's subconscious. Thus, it has been revealed how the portrait is not only the representation and imitation of the individual, but also how the artist turns into a means of expression.