Molecular detecting of β-lactam resistance–Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patient in al-nasseryia city

The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence and incidence of β-lactamase resistance genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in Al-Nasseryia (Iraq). A total of 265 different clinical samples (people with burn symptomps, ear disease symptoms, or urinary tract infection symptoms) were collected from patients admitted at Al-Nasseryia Teaching Hospital during the period of seven months. The samples were cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar. Confirmatory tests such as the biochemical tests and API 20E test were performed on all these isolates. The results showed that 100 (37.7%) isolates were confirmed as P. aeruginosa. The antibiotic susceptibility tests from 7 antipseudomonal antibiotics belonging to four structurally diverse classes were used against these isolates. According to the results of the antibiotic sensitivity test, 38 (38%) β-lactam resistance isolates were resistant to at least one type of antibiotic. The lowest level of resistance was against the quinolones, which were represented by ciprofloxacin (14%), while the highest levels were against meropenem (28%) and gentamicin (26%). For the esbl and mbl genes, 5 out of 38 β-lactam resistant isolates failed to provide any verified PCR result. These isolates' decreased sensitivity may have resulted from porin loss or the existence of other mechanisms of resistance that were not examined in the current investigation, such as the efflux pump and enhanced AmpC synthesis.