Muallim magazine: 1916-1918

The magazines that are the mirrors of their era provide an insight into our understanding the social structure of the era. The magazines of the Second Constitutionalist Period were the representatives of the freedom experienced after the autocracy period, of the opinions of the writers and of the ideas that occurred for the salvation of the country. The Muallim (Teacher) Magazine that contains the ideas of the foremost intelligentsia of the Second Constitutionalist Period is an educational magazine published monthly at the Efkaf-i Islamiye Printing House in Istanbul in 1916 to 1918. In the content of the Muallim Magazine, the discussions of national education are being the most important topic. The purpose of this research is to examine the Muallim Magazine in educational manner. Under this purpose, the discussions of national education on the Muallim Magazine, the discussions of education of the 20th Century, method-technique in education and teaching and discussions for teaching profession, and language education and the education of women are specified as sub-purpose topics. Entire volumes of the Muallim Magazine were reached at the Periodical Publications of the National Library. No additional sample was received since the entire volumes of the magazine were reached. All magazines were translated into present Turkish from Ottoman Turkish. In the analysis of the data translated into Turkish, three interconnected sub-processes were followed in accordance with the phases of the historical research method: Summarizing data, evaluation of data and presentation of data within interpretational frame. These phases were categorized applying according to sub-purposes. At the result of the research, educational suggestions of the Muallim Magazine's writers were found appropriate to the social structure of the era and the needs of the age. The educational discussions of Ziya Gokalp and Sati Bey and being part of other writers in these discussions were included in every volume of the magazine. As a common conclusion of these discussions occurred upon the concept of national education, it was revealed to train teachers who are aware of his/her national identity, comply with the needs of the era and who can provide insight to the future.