Investigation of yield and quality characteristics of common black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) and damascus black cumin (Nigella damascena L.) at different sowing times under Mus conditions

This study was carried out in 2022 to investigate the yield and quality characteristics of common nigella (Nigella sativa L.) and Damascus nigella (Nigella damascena L.) at different planting times under Muş conditions. The experiment was established according to the split-plot experimental design with 3 replications. Plant height 25.5-36.0 cm, number of branches 3.70-6.23 pcs/plant, number of capsules 4.7-17.9 pcs/plant, number of seeds in capsule 27.67-77.73 pcs, 1000 grain weight 1. 72-2.97 g, seed yield 58.4-128.2 kg/da, fixed oil content 13.24-23.40%, fixed oil yield 8.49-28.47 lt/da, essential oil content 0.18-0.54%, essential oil yield 0.143-0.677 lt/da. Common black cumin showed superiority over Damascus black cumin in terms of these characteristics. It can be said that the best results were obtained from the second sowing on May 10. Octadecadienoic acid, oleic acid, methyl linoleate were the main components of fixed oil in black cumin, oleic acid, omega 6 and omega 9 were the main components of fixed oil in Damascus black cumin. The main components of the essential oil of black cumin are 1,3-Cyclopentadiene, 1,2,3,4-tetramethyl-5-methylene, alpha-thujene, beta-pinene, terpinen-4-ol, longifolene, benzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethyl-, alpha-phellandrene. The main components of the essential oil of Damascus black cumin were beta-elemene, alpha-selinene, alpha-panasinsene, 9-hexadecen-1-ol, gamma-gurjunene.