Phenolic content and biological activities of Ranunculus cornutus (evlimemedotu) growing in Muş region

Ranunculus cornutus DC. has long been used in the treatment of diseases such as constipation, rheumatism, hemorrhoids, edema, abscess, wound healing and jaundice. In this study, the content and biological activities of R. cornutus DC. (Evlimemedotu), which is used in traditional medicine, were analyzed. For this purpose, methanol and water extracts of the plant were obtained and the total phenolic content of each extract was determined by LC-MS/MS device. To determine their antioxidant activities, the total antioxidant method, iron ion reduction method (FRAP), copper ion reduction method (CUPRAC), iron chelation method, 1,1-Diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging method and 2, 2ı-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical removal method were used. The first three phenolic compounds with the highest phenolic compound composition were fumaric acid (3261.43 µg/L), vanillic acid (1217.70 µg/L), and ferulic acid (769.40 µg/L). The total antioxidant activity of the water extracts obtained from the plants increased in direct proportion to increasing concentrations (15, 30, and 45 µg). According to the results of the FRAP (BHA-IC50:90.34 mg/mL) and CUPRAC (BHA- IC50:101.47 mg/mL) methods, BHA was a stronger reducing agent than the other extracts. According to the iron chelating activity results, AA (IC50:32.41 mg/mL) showed better activity than the extracts. According to DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, AA showed the best activity. When the antioxidant results were evaluated, the water and methanol extracts of the plant showed lower activity than the standard antioxidants. The reason for this is related to the ratio of the phenolic content. However, the methanol extract had better antioxidant activity than the water extract. Finally, according to the results of the effects of the extracts on DNA, it was understood that H2O2 and H2O2, and DMSO together degraded the stable form of DNA, Form I, making it more unstable. It was confirmed that the water and methanol extracts alone did not have a negative effect on the stable structure of DNA and kept it in Form I and Form II structures. When the activities of the water and methanol extracts were compared to reduce the harmful effects of peroxide on DNA, the water extract was found to be more effective. Since there are no antioxidant studies on existing plant species, further studies on these plant species are thought to be important in terms of protecting our plants, which are our genetic treasure, and transferring them to generations.