The relation between statements and actions in Muslim Brotherhood the era of Hasan al-Banna

Since its establishment in 1928, the Muslim Brotherhood is considered one of the most long-established communities in Egypt. Although several academic works have been done so far worldwide about the conflicts related to the administrational issues of the Community, none of them succeeded in approaching the doctrinal conflicts occuring during the era of Hasan al-Banna's leadership. Furthermore, these prior works could not explain objectively the reason for the fragmentation of the Community nor could they successfuly explain the radicalization of certain members. The aim of this thesis is to study al-Banna's era which defers from the liberal and conservative Salafi groups by following a Moderate Salafi ideology, we will try to analyze the role of his ideology in carrying his Community to the peak of the Egyptian society as a result of his close relations with almost all governments and the king. Therefore, the thesis questions the role al-Banna played and the impact of his thoughts had on the militarization of those dissident groups and their criticism toward al-Banna's Neo-Salafi attitude which led to the emergence of Political Islam and Moderate Islam in Muslim world just after their separation from the Community. In the first part of the thesis I investigate the environment which shaped al-Banna's political and religious ideology. In the second part of the thesis, after analyzing the administrative structure, cultural activities, type of the members and causes of success and failure of the Community, I explore the disputes which occured as a result of the administrative issues. In the third part of the thesis I put an emphasis on the disagreements and the disputes happened into the Community regarding to the ideological issues which intensify on seven points; The nature of the leadership, the balance between Nation-State Ideology and Pan-Islamism, and the balance between secularism and Islamic law, the proximity of Hasan al-Banna with the governments of his era, the concept of al-Walâ' wa'l-barâ', Jihad and the impact of Banna's manifesto on those radical dissident groups. Finally, I examine the effect of these doctrinal crisis happening at that time in the Community and their role in the emergence of recent Takfiri Groups over the last few years which became the most important phenomena of the Islamic world. Muslim Brotherhood, Hasan al-Banna, Neo-Salafism, Disagreements in The Community, Political Islam, Moderate Islam, Doctrinal Crisis.