Tunable photonic device design with nanoscale low-symmetric photonic structures and parity-time symmetry effect

Nanotechnology is a multi-disciplinary science and engineering deals with structures in 1-100 nanometer scale. Scaling the structure down provides to increase its surface/volume ratio and quantum effect and thus, nanostructures may exhibit extraordinary physical, chemical, biological and optical properties. The purpose of scientific studies in nanotechnology is to realize functional, efficient and outstanding featured devices and integrated circuits using nanostructures. Photonic Crystals from artificial nanostructures, also called periodic and "Semiconductors of photons" are widely used in nanotechnology due to their intriguing optical properties. Symmetry reduction in photonic crystals provides to observe intriguing optical properties. Liquid crystal infiltration into photonic crystal based optical devices and the external voltage excitation of such hybrid devices may provide the designs of tunable lenses and photonic nanojets. Furthermore, parity-time symmetry is another crucial effect especially studied about aymmetric light transmission in photonic crystal devices.