New York Şiir Okulu'nun kentsel pastoral yönleri

This study examines the presence of pastoral elements in the works of two leading figures of the New York School Poetry, Frank O'Hara and John Ashbery, who have been exclusively defined as city poets who represent in their works different aspects of post war urban reality. This thesis foregrounds the pastoral elements buried in the characteristic city landscapes in their poems profiting from the theoretical discourse on the pastoral-urban opposition developed by scholars like Leo Marx, Timothy Gray, and Andrew V. Ettin. The study asserts that O'Hara and Ashbery use the urban-pastoral amalgam as a method of dealing with the sense of urban anxiety caused by the atmosphere of artistic and social restraint governing America in the 1950s. The urban pastoral elements in Ashbery's poems are conceptualized as "a middle landscape," an ambiguous poetic terrain that blends nostalgic pastoral images from the past with present urban experiences as a strategy of dealing with the state of urban restlessness. The study of O'Hara's poetry demonstrates that despite its ostensibly urban characteristics, he tends to define his favorite local, New York, with pastoral images that turn him ultimately to a "semiotic shepherd."