Number of witnesses in the context of quantity fiqh

Testimony, one of the important issues in the science of fiqh, means that a person reports an issue that he/she has witnessed in court. The validity of this testimony depends on some qualitative conditions determined by the sects as well as quantitative elements such as the number of witnesses. This study, considered in the context of the quantity fiqh, reveals that the number of witnesses is not only a matter of quantity, but also an element that ensures justice and strengthens the strength of evidence. The number of witnesses is a concept based on the Sharia law, which is frequently used in Islamic law, and is of great importance for the proper functioning of legal processes and the establishment of justice. In this study, the place of the number of witnesses in the field of usūl al-fiqh and subordinate fiqh was evaluated within the framework of religious evidence such as the Holy Qur'ān, sunnah, ijmā and qiyās. In addition, the contribution of the number of witnesses to the burden of proof and reliability in legal processes was emphasized, and in this context, the different views of the sects were presented comparatively. The jurisprudential provisions regarding the number of witnesses, especially in matters of sin such as adultery, burglary and theft, and in matters of marriage, divorce, debt and will, have been examined. In this context, determining and implementing the number of witnesses stands out as one of the key elements of both the evidence system and the provision of justice.