The role of tragedia in Nietzsche paradigm and alternative theater reflections of the tragedia theory

Nietzsche's theory of tragedy is important to show how a collective, participatory, and transformative theater should be, and how an active person in such a theater spirit plays an active role in life. According to Nietzsche, the reason for the departure of the present theater understanding from the collective, participatory, integrative existence of the theater is that the Dionysian essence is the Socratic / Apolonic mind. For this reason his understanding of the theater / tragedy has become evident by the debate he has begun with Socrates and the rational rationality that continues with Aristotle, and according to him, it must first be accounted for by this dominant thought. Only in this condition can the theater become the old Dionysian spirit and new people can be created. Because of his views, Nietzsche is a philosopher who has made great changes both in the history of philosophy and in the theater understanding. This intellectual line of Nietzsche is a point that 20th-century theater thinkers and practitioners have agreed upon. For this reason, new quests in the theater tried to solve the present problem of thetheater, to bring back that collective spirit to the theater.The soul they see is in the early days of tragedy as a ritual activity, and for this reason, the 20th-century theater movements are not the forward, but the backward, to ritualistic theater times.The intellectual line of 20th-century theater movements is the intellectual line of Nietzsche.In this thesis, it was tried to show how the understanding of tragedy and theater changed in the direction of these discussions and how the alternative theater movements met with Nietzsche in this intellectual line.