Investigation of cell cycle mechanism in placentas of pregnancies with normal and in vitro fertilization

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate cell-cycle proteins associated with placentation in normal pregnancies, pregnancies as a result of TET and DET, developing placental changes. Method: IHC and WB experiments were performed on placental tissues obtained from pregnancies with normal pregnancy, TET and DET. The amounts of PCNA, cyclin D3 and p57 proteins and their immunolocalization in placental cells were determined in the control, TETP and DETP groups. Statistical analyzes were performed. Results: According to WB analysis, it was determined that the amount of PCNA protein increased statistically in the DETP group compared to TETP group. It was determined that the amount of cyclin D3 protein was statistically significantly increased in the DETP group compared to the control group. According to IHC test results, the highest frequency of PCNA protein staining was in the cytotrophoblast cells of DETP group. PCNA protein shows immunoreactivity in cytotrophoblast and stromal cells for all three groups. While PCNA staining was not present in endothelial cells, reaction was observed only in the TETP group for syncytiotrophoblasts. It was determined that the frequency of staining of cytotrophoblast cells cyclin D3 protein increased in the DETP and TETP groups compared to the control. While immunoreactivity was observed in stromal cells for KP, TETP and DETP groups, cyclin D3 staining was not present in syncytiotrophoblast and endothelial cells. For p57,while there was the highest immunoreactivity cytotrophoblast and stromal cells in control group, no staining was detected in syncytiotrophoblast and endothelial cells. Conclusion: The cell cycle mechanism differs in the placentas of pregnancies resulting from fresh and frozen embryo transfer with ART. These results may be related to the pathological cases caused by ART and the success rates of pregnancies as a result of DET and TET.