Nuclear energy optimization: development of important energy policy imported for Turkey

Nuclear Energy Market was born by the foundation of the first nuclear plant in Russia in 1954 for the purpose of using atomic energy for commercial purposes, and by the development of nuclear plant technology Nuclear Renaissance was initiated. Countries like S.Korea and Japan developed this technology much furhter and owned their genuine nuclear plant design. Currently there are 444 nuclear reactors in business in more than 30 countries. Even after the Fukushima accident, the construction of 65 plants are being continued including the countries which don't have any nuclear power plant earlier, and 173 new nuclear plants are planned to be constructed till 2030. Selected countries were examined and model of Japan is based on in this study. As of 2010, Turkey is the first country in Europa and the second country in the world after China in terms of increase in demand of electricity. Similar to the tendency in developing and developed countries, in energy consumption values Turkey's share of electricity is increasing. Fast increasing population and development/change in technology comes with high electrical energy need. Turkey has become the 17th biggest economy in the World in terms of annual per capita income. However, the demand of electricity consumption has been approximately %2 bigger than economic growth. Turkey covers %72 of it's total energy need on import, and highly dependent on foreign countries for energy. %98 of natural gas, 92% of fuel oil and 20% of coal that are used to generate electricity are imported. As of end of 2015, Turkey's electricity need is approximately 264 billion kWh, and it is predicted to increase to 414-440 billion kWh in 2023. When the estimated depletion date of fossil fuels and the capacity factors are taken into consideration, Turkey compensates half of the demand with the current energy potential. Nuclear energy option, which is used to supply existing energy shortage, is examined by 3E approach. By SWOT analysis, simple regression analysis (since nuclear energy is not used yet), the determination of direction between economical growth and energy consumption, and the investigation of Japanese model and developed countries, information is generated and used to determine the optimum number and capacity of nuclear power plants and suggestions are provided for import-substitution energy policy. As long as risk is controlled at acceptable level, and as long as nuclear energy plants are well designed, well built, well configured, well operated, and well maintained, nuclear energy is not only clean but also cheap, safe, reliable, durable and competitive.