Numerical modeling of local scour around circular bridge piers arranged in a triangular configuration

Bridge piers are essential structural elements that support bridges over water bodies. however, their exposure to hydrodynamic forces makes them exposed to local scour and corrosion. local scour, caused by the removal of sediment around bridge piers due to water flow, weakens the foundation and can lead to structural instability. understanding the interaction between hydrodynamic forces, scour mechanisms, and corrosion effects is crucial for designing durable bridge foundations. This study aims to investigate the local scour around a triangular group of circular bridge piers. by simulating (flow field, sediment transport, and corrosion processes) the study will provide evaluating the effects of local scour on the stability of circular bridge piers in a triangular configuration also, to give an insight into the mechanisms affecting bridge pier stability. Additionally, to propose effective mitigation strategies. This study will contribute to the field of hydraulic engineering by providing a detailed analysis of scouring processes using FLOW-3D software. The findings will help in designing more resilient bridge foundations and reduce potential failures due to hydrodynamic forces and material degradation. Key Words: Local scour, Bridge piers, Numerical modeling, FLOW-3D, Hydrodynamic forces