Analyzing the cardiac functions and blood lipid values in obese individuals doing elite sports

As the obesity has become widespread as a global disease, it decreases the life quality of people every passing day and increases the risk of morbidity and mortality as a chronic disease. Excrescent fatty tissue in body is accompanied by cardiovascular autonomic nervous system disorders. The effects of obesity upon the cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and diabetes development have been going on to be the subject of the cross-over studies that have been carried out recently and in the past. The purpose of this study is to analyze the cardiac functions and blood lipid values of obese individuals and the individuals doing elite sports comparing with the healthy individuals. To the study, it was included 20 obese individuals, 20 elite sportsmen and 20 healthy sedentary male individuals between 20-35 years old. The individuals were examined physically and their anthropometric measurements were recorded. Cardiac functions were evaluated echocardiographically (LVEDd, LVESd, LVPWd, IVSd, KF, EF, MİTRAL E, MİTRAL A, and MPI). Blood lipids (Total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, and VLDL) were evaluated.When cardiac functions of the study group were evaluated, LVEDd averages were found as 4,65±0,15, 4,82±0,25, 4,63±0,18 (cm), LVESd averages as 2,81±0,15, 3,14±0,25, 2,91±0,13 (cm), LVPWd averages as 0,53±0,10, 0,50±0,09, 0,48±0,12 (cm), IVSd averages as 0,97±0,10, 1,11±0,13, 0,89±0,14 (cm), KF averages as 39,78±3,26, 34,88±5,82, 37,11±1,50 (%), EF averages as 63,80±2,14, 60,50±2,98, 64,20±2,04 (%), Mitral E as 0,97±0,18, 0,91±0,16, 1,00±0,19 (cm/sec), Mitral A as 0,65±0,21, 0,68±0,19, 0,68±0,15 (cm/sec), Mitral E/A as 1,56±0,41, 1,39±0,37, 1,50±0,27 (cm/sec) and MPI averages as0,35±0,02, 0,54±0,06, 0,41±0,03 for sportsmen-obese-sedentary, respectively. When LVEDd, LVESd and IVSd were statistically compared in terms of the cardiac functions, a significant difference was found for the sportsmen group between the sportsmen group and the obese group and for the sedentary group between the sedentary group and obese group. No significant difference was determined for in LVPWd parameter. A significant difference was determined for the sportsmen group between the sportsmen group and the obese group in KF parameter. A significant difference was determined for sportsmen between the sportsmen group and the obese group and for the sedentary group between the sedentary group and obese group in terms of the EF averages. In Mitral E, Mitral A, and Mitral E/A parameters, no significance was found between the groups. In MPI parameter, a significant difference was determined for the sportsmen group between the sportsmen group and the obese group, and for the sedentary group between the sedentary group and the obese group. When blood lipid parameters were evaluated, total cholesterol value averages were found as 142,80±16,60, 252,05±150,06, 147,50±27,77 (mg/dl), HDL cholesterol averages as 48,05±6,26, 36,10±9,84, 45,35±10,95 (mg/dl), LDL cholesterol averages as 79,90±13,33, 132,35±40,30, 92,30±19,79 (mg/dl), Triglyceridevalue averages as 123,75±37,90, 312,4±160,39, 138,75±61,02 (mg/dl), VLDL cholesterol averages as 25,15±8,79, 62,3±31,62, 27,3±12,36 (mg/dl) for the sportsmen-obese-sedentary, respectively. In terms of the blood lipid values, a significant difference was determined for the sportsmen group between the sportsmen group and the obese group; and for the sedentary group between the sedentary group and the obese group in total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, Triglyceride, and VLDL cholesterol parameters. Consequently, it was revealed in this study that regular exercise and sports positively affect the cardiac parameters and blood lipids, the values increased in obese people, it could cause cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and different complications at advanced ages and individuals should be careful due to the risks for those.