Radiological, clinical and biochemical investigation of the relationship between obesity and periimplantal diseases

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of obesity on periimplant health by comparing inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1β, MMP-8 and TNF-α) in the peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) of patients with different obesity levels, clinical and radiographic parameters of periimplant tissues. Material and Method: A total of 80 implant patients, 44 male and 36 female, were included in our study. According to the anamnesis and clinical examination results of the patients; They were divided into 4 groups with 20 individuals in each group. Clinical of patients such as PIPI, PIBOP, GI and PIPD were recorded. Biochemical analyzes were performed with ELISA method in peri-implant groove fluid in both healthy and periimplantitis groups. In these analyzes, IL-1β (interleukin 1-Beta), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and MMP-8 (matrix metalloproteinase) levels were measured. Results: It was determined that the mean PIPI, GI, PIBOP and PIPD of the Periimplantitis and normal weight group (PG) and Periimplantitis and obese (POG) groups were higher than the healthy periimplant and obese group (OG) and control groups (p<0, 05). A statistically significant difference was found between the mean of GCF measurement, TNF-α, IL-1βand MMP-8 measurement averages according to the patient groups (p<0.05). TNF-α measurement averages of PG, OG and POG groups were found to be higher than the control group. It was observed that the mean of IL-1β measurement in the POG group was higher than the other groups. It was determined that the MMP-8 levels of the PG group was higher than that of the OG and POG groups. It was determined that the GCF volume averages of the PG and POG groups were higher than the PISF volume averages of the control group, and the GCF volume averages of the POG group were higher than the PISF volume averages of the OG group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Obesity negatively affects periimplantal health by increasing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Keywords: Peri-implantitis, obesity, matrix metalloproteinase, interleukin, tumor necrosis factor