Comparative study in terms of male and female principals on their level of capability and atmosphere in schools they manage

It is the fact known all over the world and determined definitely by researches that women participate in business life less in comparison with men. Based on this fact, this research is done to evaluate performance of working women, to put finger on the areas if there is- open to development for men and women and especially to determine area of employment which women succeed / will succeed, to support and encourage women to participate in business life.In this research, it is observed from teachers? point of view whether there is statistically expressive level of difference between male and female principals, who works in primary and high schools, in their capability levels and atmosphere in schools they manage according to school type, principals gender age years of office & directorship duration standard of learning & alma mater, school?s number of students, students gender ratio, teachers gender ratio, teachers? average ages. Descriptive scanning model is used in the research.Total field under survey consist of 70 principals and 570 teachers who works in 2011-2012 academic year at official primary and high schools that are under management of Ministry of Education, located in Kadıkoy, Kartal, Maltepe, Pendik, Tuzla, Üsküdar districts on Asian side of Istanbul. Accordingly scales are applied at schools that 28 female, 42 male principals work chosen from that total field under survey by qouta-proportional-occasional sampling method and to 570 teachers in total chosen by random method.?Principals? Capability? evolved by Sahin (2003) is used as data collection tool to determine principals? capability level. Scale is composed of 97 clauses which depict eight capability subdimensions as Educational Leadership, Research and Occupational Development, Human Resources Management, School-Environment Relationship, Communication, Student Affairs, School Administration, Personality Traits. Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire, (OCDQ) evolved by Halpin and Croft and adapted by Paknadel (1988) is used to determine perceptions of school atmosphere. OCDQ is composed of eight subdimensions as Disassociation, Inhibition, Morale, Sincerity (Behaviours of Teachers Group) and Overlook, Close Control, Being Work-Oriented and Indulgence (Administrative Behaviours).To analysis the input data, frequency and percent values of demographic fetaures are examined, aritmetic average and standard deviation of percentage points that taken from scales are calculated by using SPSS 15.0 programme, furthermore Kruskal Wallis-H Test is used for specification of differences between groups; to identify between which groups there are differences Mann Whitney-U Assesments are applied.It is established that principal capability level and atmosphere in school they manage do not differ according to gender; but also expressive level of difference is established in capability level as for female principals? according to school type, and for male principals according to age and years of office; in school atmosphere as for female principals according to school type, her standard of learning, gender ratio of teachers and students in school at Disassociation, Inhibition, Sincerity, Overlook subdimensions; as for male principals according to school type, his years of office, number of students, gender ratio of teachers at Inhibition, Overlook, Close control subdimensions. Capability level of male principals? 36-40 age group is determined significally high in comparison to other age groups. At the end of the research, variables of principals? branch, directorship duration, alma mater, teachers?average age are established as not to be effective to make difference in capability level and atmosphere in school they manage.