From old homeland to the new one: Migration movements and policies between 1918-1923

The period between 1918 and 1923 witnessed a huge transformation process. Various migration waves, civilian tragedies, challenging policies and ideologies, occupations and liberations took place during this period. Following Introduction, Literature Review and Methodology chapters, this study discusses the key migration concepts, their "descent and emergence", from a genealogical perspective and links them to the migratory movements between 1918-1923. In Chapter IV, it explains the migratory movements starting from the Armistice of Mudros. These movements could fall into five main categories: i) Refugees fleeing conflict or war zones such as the White Russians in the West or Muslim and non-Muslim groups in the East, ii) Repatriation of the Armenian, Rum, Kurdish and Arab refugees who were forced to migrate during the World War I, iii) Incoming migrants in the Armistice period to seize the majority considering the Wilsonian Principles, iv) Consecutive migration movements due to the occupations and liberations in Anatolia, v) Migrations upon the decision of Allied Powers or the Istanbul and Ankara Governments. Since all these movements are often intertwined, they are discussed regionally. In Chapter V, migration policies during the period are examined. It is found that both Istanbul and Ankara governments had anti-migration stance. Nation- and state-building efforts, maintaining population dominance, establishing order and security, as well as socio-economic concerns are the main driving factors behind the migration policies of Istanbul and Ankara governments.