Arthroscopic surgical treatment results of glenohumeral joint instabilities

Arthroscopic Surgical Treatment Results of Glenohumeral Joint Instabilities Shoulder dislocations are frequent orthopedic injuries encountered in emergency services. The instabilized joint developed after shoulder dislocations seriously affects the daily life of the patient and sports activities. Glenohumeral instabilites are classified for the direction of instability; anterior, posterior and multidirectional. The most common type is anterior instability. From past to present, many surgical techniques have been identifined and used to correct instability. Increasing arthroscopic experience of physicians and developing technology, nowadays has left the place of open surgical repair, which is considered as the final gold standard, to arthroscopic reconstruction procedures. The effectiveness of the rehabilitation program as much as the method of treatment applied has also great importance for the functional outcomes of the patients. In our study, 39 patients diagnosed as shoulder instability and treated arthroscopically in our clinic between January 1, 2013 and October 15, 2016, postoperative range of motion and functional results are evaluated with Rowe and Wosi Scores. Thirty-nine of 39 patients had anterior, 2 posterior, and 2 versatile glenohumeral instability. In our study, 3 patients (7,69%) were under 20 years old, 28 patients (71,79%) between 21-30 years, 6 patients (15,38%) between 31-40 years and 2 patients , 12). A total of 29 men (74.3%) were included in the study, with 10 women (25.6). Preoperative mean shoulder joint flexion was recorded as 85.77 degrees and the external rotation was 86.79 degrees and 176.03 degrees, respectively. In the postoperative period, the flexion was recorded as 168.11 degrees internal rotation 80.13 degrees and the external rotation was 86.79 degrees. The mean preoperative Wosi Score was 1083.97, whereas this score was 128.72 postoperatively. According to the Rowe Score, there were poor results in all patients in the preoperative period, whereas 34 patients were very good, 1 patient was good, 3 patients were moderate and 1 patient had poor results in the postoperative period. Arthroscopic treatment of glenohumeral instability has similar functional outcomes with open surgical repair when performed by experienced personnel. Patients with a shoulder dislocation under 20 years of age are at increased risk of instability and surgical repair should be considered in these patients. Pathologies as rotator cuff tears and additional problems that increase with age cause the functional success score to decrease. Key Words: Glenohumeral Instability, Arthroscopy, Shoulder, Dislocation