Determination of nutritional status of kiwi orchards in Orhangazi region with soil,leaf and fruit analysis

This study was conducted to determine the fertility status of the soils of kiwi orchards (Actinidia deliciosa) Hayward in Orhangazi district of Bursa province. Soil samples from 0-30 cm depth, as well as leaf and fruit samples were taken from the seven gardens located in different locations in Orhangazi district, and nutrient analyses were performed. The results were compared with reference values to determine the nutritional problems of plants. Soils have a slightly alkaline pH (7,59-8,29 1:2,5 w/v), low salt (124,00-674,00 µS cm-1), low lime (0,92-1,85 % CaCO3) and insufficient organic matter (1,03-2,07 %). Among the analysed soils, the areas was determined where the nutrients in inadequate, within limits and in excess amounts. Soil nitro genis determined between 0,06-0,15 %. Phosphorusis determined between 14,87-82,56 mg kg-1. Potassium, calciumand magnesium amounts are determined between 36,00-216,00 mg kg-1, 1639,0-7546 mg kg-1, 120,23-1851,9 mg kg-1 respectively. While the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and micro element contents of the plants were determined below and near the limit values however, their calcium content was found above the limit. Plants'nitrogen (1,82-2,99 %), phosphorus (0,05-0,16 mg kg-1), potassium (0,79-2,81 mg kg-1), calcium (2,86-5,17 mg kg-1), magnesium (0,12-0,39 mg kg-1) amounts are determined respectively. Plant and soil properties as well as interactions between the elements caused differences in nutrient concentrations in leaves and fruits. It was observed that the producers in the region followed a fertilization program that is not based on soil and plant analysis, the use of organic fertilizers was insufficient and the kiwi production was made unconsciously. If unconscious production continues, it is concluded that the problems experienced in the other crops previously grownin the region can also be seen in the near future in the areas where kiwi fruit production is made.