Calculation of digital land surface using different measuring devices in forestry and comparison of device performances (Çerkeş sample)

Since earlier civilizations, man has needed more information. This desire, which is evident in every discipline, has been observed in the surveying and photogrammetry disciplines as well. The size of an area, the measurement of the width, height and height of an object has been technically constantly changing. With the rapid development and spread of today's technologies, there have been important developments in the field of measurement and photogrammetry. Within these developments, global positioning devices have shown a continuous change to be used via terrestrial, aerial and satellite. Especially since the beginning of the twenty-first century, Global Positioning System (GPS), mobile phone, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)- Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) have been used in daily practical measurements in construction, mining, aviation, agriculture, forestry etc. quickly found its place in the fields. In this study, GPS, GNSS-CORS, mobile phone and UAV devices, which are topographic measurement devices with different measurement sensitivities, were measured on the same size area and compared in terms of measurement time, sensitivity and mapping. In addition, numerical elevation values for the same area were calculated and mapped in the Google Earth software environment over the satellite data, which is a widely referenced remote sensing data set. These different measurement data obtained were compared on the same plane and as a result, GNSS-CORS and RTK-UAV devices with Real-time kinematics (RTK) provided high-precision data, followed by UAV without RTK equipment, Google Earth data set, mobile phone and it has been determined that the measurement values made with the GPS device follow. Looking at the results obtained in the study, it was concluded that the use of UAV is more effective in studies that require high sensitivity and measurements in a short time, and measurements made with GPS, Google Earth and mobile phone can be used in studies where sensitivity is kept in the background.