Transboundary rivers in Central Asia: Case study - cooperation and conflicts in the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers

In this research, the areas of conflict and reconciliation between countries caused by water problems were examined from the sample of the rivers Syr Darya and Amudarya, which are crossing the border in Central Asia. There are many rivers in Central Asia. Some of them flow through different country geographies. These are defined by the concept of transboundary river and are of great importance in international relations. Since it crosses the borders of a country and enters the borders of another country, it is associated with international and international law. In this context, in the research, the Syr Darya and Amu Darya, which are rivers that cross the border, were examined and their reflection on the relations between the countries was evaluated. In the research, a literature review was made. Previous studies were reviewed. It has been determined that the majority of the studies are foreign sources and the sources translated from English to Turkish are limited. detected. As a result of the research, Syr Darya and Amudarya firstly pass through the lands of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, then reach the lands of Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan and pour into the Aral Lake. While the rich water resources of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are dams and power plants, Uzbekistan has a problem of accessing the water resources it needs for agricultural production, unlike Turkmenistan's richness in Kazakhstan's underground resources. This situation caused tensions and crises between Central Asian countries from time to time. When the water problems are looked at more broadly, it has been concluded that the disagreements over the geography of the region are not limited to Central Asia, but also affect other peripheral countries. When water problems are examined in detail, it has been concluded that existing disagreements and disagreements are multidimensional. These dimensions can be addressed in a way to cover political, economic, social and security areas. The effects of the problems experienced affect the local people economically and socially. This is also related to the economy. From a political and security point of view, it has been concluded that Central Asian countries are aware of the importance of the issue, and they have made the resources they have the subject of regional power and bargaining. In this respect, the countries that hold water have considered it as a power factor in their relations with their neighbors. However, it is necessary to create a common awareness in terms of the welfare of the people of the region, the protection of the environment and the construction of the future.