Citizenship from Ottoman Empire to Republic

The aim of thesis is to determine, within theoritical perspective, the citizenship understanding in the application and the official text of Turkish Republic till 1940?s.The content of thesis consist five parts. In the first part, citizenship is searched according to History, Sociology, and Judical perspectives from ancient Greece and Rome to Nation States. In the second part of thesis, citizenship is considered in terms of the History of Turk. Firmans as acquiring the rights of individual, first archival documents related with national status and Ottoman Modernization that the native land and citizenship of Ottoman is debated, is talked about in this part. In the third part, the subjects of the emergence of nation and native country concept with the decline of Ottoman Empire and determination the boundaries of nation state are mentioned. The Fourth part includes that national status, minorities, exchanges, containing 150?s according to the Lozan as a founder aggrement of Turkish Republic. In the fifth part of thesis, judical and theoric structure related with nationality, Turkishness, Turkish Citizenship in the Republican period is studied.It is taken up seriously in the thesis as a method that firstly theoritical structure of citizenship is generated and later primary and subsidiary sources and researches related with Turkish Citizenship is considered.Ottoman national status code dated 1869 is used together with numbered 1041 law until the first Turkish Citizenship law numbered 1312 in 1928. The state in the first years of Republic which desire to originate safe boundary and create a nation, expelled the people who escape from Turkish National Struggle and do not return to the state, cooperate with enemies and change national status without permission, from citizenship.According to the unity of language, culture, morality, people who live within new political boundaries are admitted as a Turk Nation and every people who have a citizenship bound to the state are admitted as a Turk. Although legitimacy of beeing Turk is provided by Turks lineage, Turks lineage and Turkish Citizenship is used generally together but sometimes is used as one of those is preferred to other.Muslims or non-muslims looking for their future in the boundaries of Turkey and having loyalty to Turkey are admitted as a Turkish citizenship.With the educational facilities, revolutions and codes, it is strived for creating new citizens who get along well with modern world, know their rights and responsibilities, become strong as a physical and mentally.KEYWORDS1-NATIONAL STATUS2-CITIZENSHIP3-TURKISHNESS4-TURKISH CITIZENSHIP CODES5-CITIZENSHIP APPLICATION