Pre-nationalisms in the Ottoman Empire: A political economy analysis of Albanian and Bulgarian national movements

In this thesis, the Ottoman The Bulgarian and Albanian nationalities that seceded from the Empire and established their nation-states movements were analysed on the basis of the pre-nationalism phase. The main research questions of the study are formulated as follows: Ottoman Empire Political economy in the emergence of preliminary nationalisms in Balkan geography To what extent did these factors play a role? By separating from the Ottoman Empire independence of the Bulgarian and Albanian national movements, which gained their independence. How were the political economy dynamics shaped in this process? In this process, What are the similarities in the developmental stages of Albanian and Bulgarian nationalisms? and differences were identified? Also, centralisation in the Ottoman Empire cultural, which can be evaluated by the administration in the context of pre-nationalism and economic policies on these nationalist movements. created by the Ottoman Empire? gained independence from the Ottoman Empire limited number of studies in the literature on the nationalism movements of nations are available. In the research, descriptive narrative and comparative method was used. Main conclusions reached In the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire underwent significant socio-economic transformations. century, the Ottoman Empire underwent significant socio-economic transformations and These transformations paved the way for the emergence of national movements in the Balkans. Albanian and Bulgarian national movements, cultural revival, language revitalisation and political autonomy, but it has also been shaped around different demands for political autonomy. social structures, religious divisions and international dynamics, these movements in different trajectories. Bulgarian nationalism, economic development and the strengthening of the bourgeoisie; Albanian nationalism, religious diversity and diaspora support, it followed a different path. Both movement also gained national consciousness under the influence of modernisation processes and independence struggles have succeeded.