Participation in specific offences

Participation in a crime, as a rule, means that a crime, that can be committed by one person is committed by the combination of the causal actions of more than one person. There are two types of participation: principal participant and secondary participant. Principal participant is divided into types such as independent principal participant (direct principal participant), joint principal participant, indirect principal participant, and side by side principal participant. Secondary participant is divided into two: instigation and aiding. According to principle of accessory, in order to be able to talk about participation, there must be an intentional and unlawful act. Specific offence, is a type of crime in which only certain people can be the principal participant. In these crimes, people who do not have the special perpetrator qualification required by the law cannot be perpetrators, and if they participate in the crime, they can only be held responsible as accomplices. It is possible for people who have the special perpetrator qualification required by the law (person with specific qualification) and those who do not have the special perpetrator qualification required by the law (person without specific qualification) to participate in the specific crime. There are various views in the doctrine about how the responsibilities of these persons will be determined separately for each type of participation. Our purpose in choosing this subject of study is to gather these views in the doctrine together and determine the responsibility of these people (person with specific qualifications and persons without specific qualifications) in terms of each type of participation in specific crimes. Keywords: Participation, Principal Participant, Secondary Participant, Specific Offence, Principle of Accessory.