Callus and embryo regeneration through anther culture at in vitro condition cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

In this thesis, investigated effect of cold pre-treatment (+40C) and culture conditions (photoperiod and dark) at anther cultures established in order to haploid plants on callus regeneration and embryogenesis at two different cultivars in Gossypium hirsutum L. (cultivar "Özbek-100" and "Nazilli-143") . Within the scope of this thesis, callus and embryo regenerations of anthers belong to cotton cultivar Özbek-100 and Nazilli-143 which including microspore at suitable period investigated at different medium and different culture condition, determined maximum callus and embryo regeneration at MS medium with 1 mg/L BA and 1 mg/L NAA. Callus regeneration ratio at Özbek-100 cultivar, higher at dark condition (95%) than photoperiyod condition (75%) and 100% callus regeneration can be seen with applied of pre-treatment. At Nazilli-143 cultivar, callus regeneration 100% occur at dark condition when pre-treatment was ineffective,. From the point of embryo regeneration examined, while pre-treatment increase regeneration ratio from 24% to 48%, culture conditions shown negative effect on regeneration ratio for Özbek-100 cultivar. While embryo regeneration as 31,67% occured at dark condition, any embryo seen at photoperiod condition. For Nazilli-143 cultivar, embryo regeneration can be seen at just photoperiod condition and pre-treatment is found ineffective. With this finding which obtained from this research we improved a new protocol for anther culture in vitro conditions in cotton plant providing faster and having high ratio of callus and embryo regeneration.