Investigation of gremlin 1, COL15A1 immunoreactivity and the relationship between microvessel density and gremlin 1 in papillary renal cell carcinoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma

In this study, immunohistochemical expression of Gremlin 1 (bone morphogenic protein antagonist and proanjigenik factor) and Collagen Type 15 Alpha-1 (COL15A1 encodes the Proteoglycans Which are built in various tissues, especially in basement membrane zone of human) were examined in papillary (PRCC) and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (CRCC). The relationship between Gremlin 1 and angiogenesis was also investigated by analyzing of the microvessel endothelial density (MVD) via to the expression of COL15A1 in vascular endothelial. Cytoplasmic staining of Gremlin 1 and COL15A1 were evaluated. The expressions of Gremlin 1 and COL15A1 were investigated in 20 PRCC and 39 CRCC case. COL15A1 staining microvascular structures were examined to evaluate the angiogenic profile. Gremlin 1 staining in CRCC was statistically significant when tissue with tumor compared to the intact tissue. (p = 0.006) In PRCC, the relationship between Grem 1 staining and MVD was statistically significant. (p = 0.007) COL15A1 cytoplasmic staining in PRCC was statistically significant. (p = 0.005) Determination of Gremlin 1 staining in both tumor group and much higher expression of this marker in tubule epithelium of environmental normal tissue supported that this gene appears to be a tumor suppressor gene, in correlation with literature.