Evaluation of the relationship between sleep disorders and depression in parkinson's disease

Aim: Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (IPD) is a progressive disease which characteristically consists of static tremor, cogwheel rigidity, bradikinesia and postural instability. As the disease progresses, additional issues like sleep disorders or excessive sleepiness in daytime may be seen in IPD. Besides, IPD brings psychological problems along with its daliy life hardening effects. Depression affects life quality negatively in patients with Parkinson's Disease. In our study, we aim to show the frequency and presentation types of symptoms, concerned risk factors and their relations to each other,sleep disorders and daytime sleepiness in various stages of IPD and its relation to depression. Method: We collected 42 diagnosed IPD patients and 48 healthy individuals.In IPD group the disease has been staged according to the Hoehn&Yahr (H&Y) scale. Depression evaluation has been carried out with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). The Parkinson Disease Sleep Scale and Epworth Sleepiness Scale, both of which evaluate sleep and daytime sleepiness in IPD patients, were applied to IPD and control groups. Collected data and age, gender, marital status were assessed and compared with the control group. Results: As the ESS score increases, a meaningful strong decrease in the PDSS score occurs (r=-0,615;p=0,000). As the ESS score increases, a meaningful moderate increase in HAM-D score occurs(r=0,388;p=0,000). As the PDSS score increases, a meaningful strong decrease in HAM-D and Hoehn-Yahr scores occurs. (r=-0,569 p=0,000 for HAM-D; r=-0,63 p=0,000 for Hoehn-Yahr). As the H&Y value increases, HAM-D score decreases meaningfully (r=0,422;p=0,005). Conclusion: Sleep disorders and daytime sleepiness may be seen in IPD patients when the disesase progresses and the disability score rises. Diagnosis of these disorders may be possible by taking detailed anamnesis from the patients and their relatives. Sleep disorders may be an important indicator concerned about disease stage assesment and medical treatment approach. Existence of depression creates diagnostic controversies and affects disease severity negatively. Due to these reasons, depression should be questioned and treated properly in IPD patients. So, further detoriation in life quality may be avoided. Key words: Idıopathic Parkinson's Disease (IPD), depression, sleep disorders