The effect of education on care outcomes with algorithm prepared according to self-care model in patients with peripheral arterial disease

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of education given with an algorithm prepared according to the Self-Care Model for patients with peripheral artery disease on care outcomes. The research was a mixed method research design carried out in two sections: qualitative and pretest-posttest quasi-experimental method. In the first qualitative research design section was carried out to determine the patients' views on the disease and their self-care needs, and in-depth individual interviews were conducted with 10 patients. The data were collected with a semi-structured interview form and emerged with descriptive analysis. In the second pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research design section was carried out to evaluate effect of education given with an algorithm prepared according to the Self-Care Model for patients on care outcomes. The sample of the study in this section consisted of 30 patients. Data was collected by using Personel Information Form, Numerical Rating Scale, KATZ Index of the Activities of Daily Living, Self-Care Agency Scale, Measure of World Health Organization Quality of Life, Walking Impairment Questionnaire, Symptom Assessment Form for Peripheral Arterial Disease, and Semi-structured Interview Form for Views on Peripheral Arterial Disease. Data collection forms were applied to patients with face-to-face or telephone interview at three time-points (at the beginning of the education, in the first week and third month following the completion of the education. The algorithm educational booklet specific to patients with peripheral artery disease was prepared basing on the Orem Self-Care Model, in line with the findings obtained as a result of qualitative research and the literature. As a result of the qualitative research section, three main themes were determined; the patients' perception of the disease, the felt effect of the disease and coping with disease. It was determined that the most frequently encountered problems were pain, intermittent claudication, numbness, pallor/bruising and thickening of the nails. In the pretest-posttest quasi-experimental section, it was found that the pain scores were decreased (p=0,00); independence in daily living activities, self-care ability, walking distance and quality of life were increased statistically significantly after the education (p=0,00). In this study, it was determined that given with the algorithm educational booklet based on the Orem Self Care Model had a positive effects on patient care outcomes.