Evaluation of periostine and TGF β1 levels in the saliva and gi̇ngi̇val crevi̇cular fluid in individuals with and without periodontics

Periodontitis; It is an infectious disease characterized by the progressive destruction of the tissues supporting teeth. Biomarkers gain importance day by day in the diagnosis of periodontitis. The importance of periostin and TGFβ1 in the diagnosis of periodontitis is increasing day by day and it is thought to be a marker for the diagnosis of many diseases. Our aim in this study is to evaluate clinical parameters and changes in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and salivary periostin and TGFβ1 levels in individuals with and without periodontitis. Our study is a cross-sectional clinical study. A total of 60 individuals between the ages of 20-60, 30 without periodontitis and 30 with periodontitis were included in our study. GCF and saliva samples were collected from all individuals and clinical measurements were made. Periostin and TGFβ1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis (ELISA) in the collected GCF and saliva samples and evaluated between groups. When clinical measurements are evaluated; The gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), punctureable pocket depth and clinical attachment level (CAS) were found to be significantly higher in individuals with periodontitis. When biochemical analysis data were evaluated, it was observed that GCF and salivary periostin levels were higher in individuals with periodontitis compared to individuals without periodontitis. While this difference in salivary periostin level is statistically significant, this difference in periostin GCF level is not statistically significant. On the other hand, both saliva and GCF TGFβ1 levels were found to be significantly higher in the periodontitis group. As a result, the level of periostin in saliva was observed at higher levels in individuals with periodontitis, while lower levels were observed in individuals without periodontitis. GCF and salivary TGFβ levels were higher in individuals with periodontitis. On the other hand, the difference in the GCF periostin level in our study was statistically significant and more studies are needed.