Evaluation of AGE, RAGE, sRAGE IL-17 levels and AGE/sRAGE ratio in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes

Periodontitis negatively affects glycemic control in individuals with diabetes and increases the risk of complications. Diabetes, if uncontrolled, increases the risk of periodontal disease and associated tooth loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate AGE, RAGE, sRAGE, IL-17 levels and AGE/sRAGE ratio in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid in the presence of periodontitis in diabetic patients. The study included 64 patients. These patients were divided into 4 groups according to the results of clinical and radiologic examinations as 'Healthy individuals without diabetes and periodontal disease (SS)' (n=16), 'Periodontitis patients without diabetes (SP)' (n=16), 'Periodontitis patients with diabetes under control (DP)' (n=16), 'Periodontitis patients with uncontrolled diabetes (PDP)' (n=16). Periodontal clinical parameters of all groups were measured, GCF samples were taken from the 6 teeth with the deepest probing depth and saliva samples were collected from the patients. AGE, RAGE, sRAGE, IL-17 levels in GCF and saliva samples were measured with ELISA kits and AGE/sRAGE ratio was determined. It was observed that the GCF AGE values of SP, DP, KDP groups were significantly higher than the SS group, while the GCF sRAGE values were lower. GCF IL-17, GCF AGE/sRAGE and salivary AGE/sRAGE values of KDP group were significantly lower than SS group. Salivary AGE/sRAGE values of the 'DP-KDP' group were significantly higher than the SS group, while salivary sRAGE values were significantly lower than the SP group. GCF IL-17, GCF AGE, GCF AGE/sRAGE and salivary AGE/sRAGE values of the KDP group were significantly higher than those of the DP group. In our study, a positive and significant correlation was found between clinical parameters and age, GCF IL-17, GCF AGE, GCF AGE/sRAGE, salivary AGE/sRAGE and a negative and significant correlation was found between GCF sRAGE value (p<0.05).