Adverbs in Peyami Safa's novels and the methods of their use

As a grammatical element, the adverb (also known as the term "belirteç" in Turkish) is an important complement to the sentence. Adverbs are described as precedes a verb, an adjective, an participle and other word or phrase that is adverb and, words and phrases that determine their meaning by affecting or changing these words and phrases in many ways such as time, place, quality, condition, quantity, reinforcement, question. Adverbs have a extensive place in word classes. Adverbs that affect and / or explain the meaning of a verb, an adjective or an adverb are an important part of the sentence in terms of meaning. They have an important place in determining the meaning value of expression. These structures, which facilitate and enrich expression, also determine the artistic qualities of literary works. They are the factors that affect the depth of meaning directly or indirectly. Peyami Safa is one of the important names of Turkish literature and novelism. Both his novels and his works in other literary (nonnovel) and intellectual revealed the richness of meaning of Turkish. His works are important sources for Turkish literature studies. Also, the language of Peyami Safa and his opinions about language make an important his works for language researches. In this research, the novels of Peyami Safa, which has an important place in Turkish in terms of its artistic and linguistic, were used. Four of Peyami Safa novels were selected and examined. These novels are: Fatih Harbiye, Dokuzuncu Hariciye Koğuşu, Matmazel Noraliya'nın Koltuğu, Sözde Kızlar. The sentence samples of these novels were determined and, adverbs are vii classified in terms of structure and function. The basis of the function is meaning. Meaning is the determinant of the function. The classification used in the examination section of this research is the classification study determined by professor Hacı Ömer Karpuz in his study called Türkçe'de Zarflar. Karpuz examines and evaluates adverbs in two main titles: structure and function. These titles will be mentioned in the details of this study. The classification in Professor Hacı Ömer Karpuz's study called Türkçe'de Zarflar was used as the method of this research and the sentence samples chosen from Peyami Safa novels were added to this study in suitability with this classification. The study of professor Hacı Ömer Karpuz abovementioned is of great importance since it is a study that examines, details and exemplifies adverbs in Turkish. Karpuz enriched his work with various sample sentences taken from important names of Turkish literature and examples of adverbs that were used in the local dialects from time to time. In this study, the samples of adverbs that were detected were examined and evaluated in detail. Uses and functions of adverbs are handled and evaluated in detail. adverbs are examined in two main categories: structure and function. In terms of structure, adverbs were examined in three basic categories: simple, derived, compund. In terms of function, adverbs were evaluated as 22 subheading. Novels were examined and a total of 1139 sentence examples were identified. 849 of these sentence examples are examples of adverbs in terms of function. The functions of sentence examples determined for adverbs in terms of structure are given in parentheses. In the chosen of sentence samples, the condition of the adverbs in terms of function were taken into consideration. Adverbs were determined and examined as 22 subheading in terms of function. The functions of the 22 subheadings of the adverbs are: qualification, time, place, cause, quantity, coordination, togetherness, simile, repeatition, reciprocity, antonymy, instrument case, adding, delimitation, comparison, relativity, confirmation, adequacy, competence, demonstration, probability, conditional. And these functions are added to the study with sample sentences. Adverbs of time and adverbs of manner have a large place in the research. These determinations were examined not only as words but also as phrases and subordinate clauses and these were added to the data. As a result of data, the role of the adverbs in the richness of expression in Turkish was once again demonstrated. Adverbs are important carriers of meaning that viii make the meaning determinant in the sentence. In the same time, the role of adverbs in Peyami Safa's expression richness has been handled in detail and it has been determined how important the adverbs have in language of Peyami Safa. Peyami Safa skillfully has been handled the adverbs in his works and his sentences. Keywords: Adverbs, Adverbial Categories, Peyami Safa, Word Category, Research.