Cultural diplomacy on the axis of Pierre Bourdieu's sociology and translation as a soft power

In this study, the situation and possibilities of combining cultural diplomacy, translation and soft power fields in the axis of Pierre Bourdieu's sociology are emphasized. The question of instrumentalization of translation in cultural diplomacy and soft power fields by taking the form of cultural, social and economic capital is examined. The possibilities of these three fields to be located in Pierre Bourdieu's sociological universe and to establish objective relations with each other are discussed from different perspectives. Pierre Bourdieu's sociology refers to the sociological analysis universe that the theorist has created by making use of concepts such as field, habitus, capital, doxa, illusio. In this universe, the value of translation as a cultural diplomatic instrument and soft power element; it can be expressed as a bilingual-based product, action and type of capital that combines different cultures. Cultural diplomacy is a modern type of diplomacy that provides the spread of peace and tolerance policy in the international arena by employing the necessary instruments in case of interstate cultural-based tensions. It creates its own spatial habitus with the goal of creating cultural attraction and uses tools suitable for capital accumulation purposes. Cultural diplomacy determines its illusio and doxas based on the elements of creative economy and soft power. Political economy theory of symbolic power was preferred in terms of compatibility with the scope and limitations of our study among Bourdieu's wide sociological universe. Apart from its political connotation, the concept of power in general has a content that symbolizes competence. Bourdieu expands the scope of the concept and defines power as competence. Symbolic power is an acceptable type of power to the extent that these impositions are sustained enough to ensure its own acceptance. Symbolic power is the ability of symbolic influence that creates a kind of perceptual change and transformation that requires belief as well as power. In this respect, it is similar to soft power and relates to cultural diplomacy, especially in the context of illusio. Symbolic power also has an important effect on the formation of habitus of related fields. Political economy, which can be expressed as the union of politics and economy in its most general definition, combines both fields in the context of capital, illusio and instrument. The related theory provides the necessary symbolic ground for the two fields to use translation as a tool and capital, as well as to benefit from translation in the capitalistic cycle in the fields of struggle. This situation is conveyed in a descriptive way in the study.