Poli(Akrilonitril-ko-Itakonik asit)/Politiyofen kompozit yapıların nanopartikül ve nanolifleri

Nanofibers and nanomaterials have become one of the most popular subject due to their special properties as distinct from their bulk phase. The popularity of them depends on the development in applications. This study also deals with the production and characterization of nanoparticles and nanofibers. The study consists of two parts. First one is achieving the P(AN-co-IA)/polythiophene composites and second one is achieving nanofibers via electrospinning technique. In the first stage, acrylonitrile (AN) and itaconic acid (IA) was copolymerized by emulsion polymerization in the presence of surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (SDBS). Ammonium Per Sulfate (APS) was selected as initiator and the polymerization was continued for three hours at the temperature 70 0 C. At the end of the polymerization, emulsion latex was obtained. Without any initiator addition, three different amounts of 3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and 3 methoxythiophene (MOT) were separately incorporated into the emulsion latexes. This copolymerization was lasted for 72 hours. At the end of the copolymerization, the emulsion latexes were precipitated by centrifuging, washed with ethanol and dried under vacuum oven at 60 0 C. Finally, the powder of the nanoparticles were produced. For the characterization of nanoparticles, Ultra Violet (UV)-Visible Spectroscopy, Fourier Transfrom Infrared-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used. In order to analyze the nanoparticles in the UV-Visible spectroscopy the emulsion latexes were diluted to the optimum value and the range of 190-1100 nm was chosen for characterization. The increase of the peaks according to the increase in amounts of EDOT and MOT were clearly seen. The powder of the nanoparticles were characterized by SEM. According to the SEM images, cauliflower structure was observed. The powder of the nanoparticles were also analyzed by FTIR-ATR. Before AFM characterization spin coating was applied to the nanoparticles which had been treated with N,N Dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent. According to the AFM characterization results, it was seen that the surface roughness increased as the conductive monomer were added and as the amount of them were increased. In order to obtain nanofibers, nanoparticles were dissolved in DMF solvent and blended with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) which had been dissolved in DMF, too. The blending was performed for tuning the viscosity of the electrospinning solution. During the electrospinning experiments, the solution concentration, voltage, feed rate and distance from tip to collector was kept constant in order to compare the average fiber diameters of the electrospun nanofibers. Nanofiber characterization was fulfilled by SEM, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and the electrochemical measurements were performed with Princeton Applied Research (PAR) Parstat 2263 potentiostat. Electrochemical measurements was used to compare the resistance behavior of the nanofibers. EDS results proved that presence of Sulphur (S) in the structure shows the blending was successfully achieved. According to the SEM images, it was seen that the average fiber diameter does not differentiate very much among the nanofibers, it is much the same and in the range of 100-200 nm for all electrospun nanofibers. The electrospun nanofibers have sufficient fineness and smoothness. Nanoparticles and nanofibers obtained from this study can be a good candidate for applications where electroactivity is desired.