A review of healing architecture in psychiatric hospital design

Healthcare buildings, which are the places where patients come with a hope of recovery, have the quality of conveying contributing to the recovery of patients with their design. When designing new healthcare buildings, not only a well-designed structure in terms of medical requirements, but also spaces that support the healing process through architectural design are tried to be created. With this approach, 'Healing Architecture', one of the 21st century design approaches, has emerged as a process of designing spaces that help prevent diseases, accelerate the healing process and support medical practices. In many countries around the world, the healing space design approach has attracted great interest and has started to be applied in new buildings. The fact that the healing space design approach affects the healing and well-being of people by appealing to their subconscious mind raises the question of how it will affect individuals with mental and mental illness who experience subconscious deviations in their emotions, thoughts and behaviors. mental illnesses, which interact with human psychology and the subconscious mind, are directly affected by the environment and social relations of the patient and affect their emotional and mood changes and thus the healing process positively or negatively. The design of treatment spaces is important due to the effect of the areas where these patients are treated on their illnesses. Since space design appeals to people's perceptions affecting them psychologically and contributing to their recovery, it is thought that designs designed to increase the healing effect of space, especially in psychiatric hospitals, will be more effective. Considering this situation, there are certain design criteria that should be considered in the design of a psychiatric hospital to contribute to the healing process of individuals with mental and mental illness. It has been analyzed that the design criteria included in the healing space approach are the most appropriate criteria that contribute to this vision and support the healing process and even the maintenance of well-being of patients. In recent years, it is seen that this idea has been advocated and implemented in new buildings, especially in the Scandinavian countries of Sweden, Norway, Finland and Denmark in Europe. For this reason, in this thesis, mental and psychiatric hospitals in Europe are predominantly addressed and this is detailed in the content section. Vejle Psychiatric Hospital in Denmark, which is an exemplary psychiatric hospital designed according to the healing space design approach, has received the 'European Health and Design Award' in the field of mental health design. Hereby, Vejle Psychiatric Hospital has been examined and selected within the scope of healing space design criteria in this thesis. The main objective of the research is to analyze the impact of healing space design factors on mental and spiritual healing in psychiatric hospital design.