Immunohistochemical investigation of suprabasin and spexin immunoreactivity in psoriasis

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical effects of spexin and suprabasin immunoreactivity from tissue samples taken from patients diagnosed with psoriasis. Materials and Methods: With this method, secondary antibodies with biotin were applied to tissues incubated in moist media with primary antibody and incubation was performed with streptavidinic enzyme (peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase) and AEC or DAB chromogens, which are the enzyme substrate, were administered. A histoscore was created by taking the diffusiveness (0.1: <25%, 0.4: 26-50%, 0.6: 51-75%, 0.9: 76-100%) and severity (0: none, +0.5: very little, +1: little, +2: medium, +3: severe) of immunoreactivity on staining as criteria. The formula histoscore = diffusiveness x severity was used in the calculations. The obtained data were analyzed by using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS, version 22.0) (Chicago, IL, USA) package program. After Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk normality tests were performed, independent sample t test was used in two-group variables and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used in more than two groups of variables. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In this study, the mean suprabasin histoscores of the patients with psoriasis were 0.26±07 and the mean of the suprabasin histoscores of the control group was 0.87±17. The mean spexin histoscores of the patients with psoriasis were 1.60±59 and the mean of the control group of spexin histoscores was 0.32±09. The group of patients with psoriasis was 9 (45%) female and 11 (55%) male, while the control group was 10 (50%) female and 10 (50%) male. In the group of patients with psoriasis, there were 12 (60%) patients under the age of 30, 4 (20%) patients in the age range of 31-42, 3(15%) patients in the age range of 43-54 years, and 1 (5%) patient over the age of 54. In the control group, there were 9 (45%) participants under the age of 30, 6 (30%) participants in the age range of 31-42, 3 (15%) participants in the age range of 43-54, and 2 (10%) participants over the age of 54. Suprabasin histoscores of the patient group with psoriasis were statistically significantly lower than the suprabasin histoscores of the control group (p=0.000). The spexin histoscores of the psoriasis patient group were statistically significantly higher than the spexin histoscores of the control group (p=0.000). When suprabasin and spexin histoscores were examined in terms of gender, spexin histoscores were found to be statistically significantly higher in men than in women (p<0.05). When suprabasin and spexin histoscores were examined in terms of age distribution, there was no statistically significant difference between the patient and the control group (p>0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, this study examined the immunoreactivity of two molecules suprabasin and spexin, which are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Suprabasin showed decreased immunoreactivity compared to healthy skin, while spexin showed increased immunoreactivity. Since psoriasis is a disease with a benign proliferation, it was thought that suprabasin was not a biomarker as in malignancies. It is highly probable that spexin, among many known metabolic and inflammatory biological functions, has contributed to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Future studies may provide clearer data on this topic. Key words: Psoriasis, spexin, suprabasin