The comparison of histopathologic effects on vessel wall of pentoxifylline and nimodipine substances after anastomosis which made in the rat carotid arteries

The comparison of histopathologic effects on vessel wall of pentoxifylline and nimodipine substances after anastomosis which made in the rat carotid arteries. Abdurrahman ARPA, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Diyarbakır. Background and Objectives: Cerebral ischemia is unable to maintain the necessary conditions for the cerebral tissue oxygenation depending on the reduction of arterial blood flow. The results of reperfusion after ischemia occurring in oxygen reaching ischemic tissue, increasing reactive oxygen species can cause secondary damage. Therefore, revascularization before infarct development will be decreased the degree of morbidity. The success of the techniques of revascularization less than expected because of restenosis. These events developing after vascuar reconstructive procedures leads to higher than expected mortality and morbidity. At the same time in the late period smooth muscle cell migration, proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation will be caused restenosis with intimal hyperplasia. Nimodipine is a dihydropyridine derivative calcium channel blocker. Pentoxifylline is a xanthine derivative phosphodiesterase inhibitör. Because of these we researched and compared histopathologic effects of nimodipine and pentoxifylline substances on vessel wall after anastomosis which made in the rat carotid arteries. Material and Method: In our work randomly chosen, Sprague-Dawley type, male or female 24 rats used. On the day of experiment, 80mg/kg ketamine + 10 mg/kg xylazine was given for anestesia, after 4 hour fasting. The rats right side carotid artery was used for anastomosis an the left side carotid artery was used for controlling. After sterilization the common carotid artery was explored by making a horizontal neck incision. Then the carotid artery was dissected and transected. Anastomosis was applied with 10/0 polypropylene suture. The rats were seperated into 3 groups. Group 1 rats were control group. Group 2 rats were nimodipine group which 10 mg/kg dose of nimodipine were given intraperitoneally through 7 days. Group 3 rats were pentoxifylline group which 100mg/kg dose of pentoxifylline were given oral through 7 days. After seven days treatment, the right carotid artery which were anastomosis and the left carotid artery which were not anastomosis were removed and sent to patology laboratory. The biopsies obtained were preserved in formalin solution, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, PAS, masson and examined by the same pathologist. Lumen diamater, lumen area, tunica media thickness, edema, vessel wall injury, intimal hyperplasia, thrombus and inflammation were evaluated. Results: Pentoksifilin used after anastomosis caused reduced intimal hyperplasia, but didn't decrease lumen diamater and area. The same effects as in the nimodipine group, but hasn't been shown to be effective as pentoxifylline. Conclusion: Effectiveness of pentoxifylline group is evident on the intimal hyperplasia prevention and it can be used treatment protocols after advanced experimental studies. Key words: Rat, Anastomosis, Intimal hyperplasia, Restenosis, Pentoxifylline, Nimodipine, Vazoprotective