Investi̇gati̇on of the effects of dexpanthenol in acute reti̇nal ischemi̇a-reperfusi̇on model in rats

Investigation of the Effects of Dexpanthenol in Acute Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Model in Rats Objectıve: Glaucoma, the most common cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is an optic neuropathy characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGH). In this study, it was aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of dexpanthenol on the retina in retinal damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion by biochemical and histochemical methods. Materıal Methods: In the study, 32 Wistar albino rats, 12 weeks old, weighing between 200 and 300 g, which were raised in İnönü University Experimental Animal Breeding and Research Center, were used. Rats were randomly divided into 4 different groups, 8 each. 1) Control Group: The animals were in the control group and no procedure or treatment was applied to them. 2) Ischemia-Reperfusion (I/R) Group: They were exposed to high intraocular pressure (IOP) for 60 minutes for ocular ischemia and no treatment was applied. 3) Dexpanthenol (DXP) Group: Group administered 500 mg/kg dexpanthenol intraperitoneally for 4 days without ocular ischemia 4) Ischemia-Reperfusion + Dexpanthenol (I/R+DXP) Group: After exposure to high IOP for 60 minutes for ocular ischemia then the group in which 500 mg/kg dexpanthenol was administered intraperitoneally for 4 days. For the temporary ischemia-reperfusion model, dilatation was achieved in rat eyes after anesthesia. The anterior chamber was entered from the superior temporal limbus with the insulin injector tip connected to 500 ml of saline solution, first in the right and then the left eye.The contact of the needle tip with the iris, lens and cornea was prevented, and ischemia was achieved for 60 minutes by raising the bottle level by 150 cm.Ischemia control was confirmed by direct ophthalmoscope with loss of retinal reflex and whitening of the iris. Reperfusion was confirmed by restoration of retinal reflex and disappearance of iris whitening.At the end of the 5th day, the subjects were given analgesia and anesthesia, and enucleation was achieved by cutting the optic nerve posteriorly after canthotomy. Right eyes were separated for histopathological examination and left eyes for biochemical evaluation. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS) measurement, total oxidant status (TOS) measurement and histopathological analyzes were performed from eyes taken from rats. SPSS statistical software program was used for statistical analysis. Results: The difference between the control group and the I/R group in terms of retinal damage was found to be statistically significant (p<0.0001). Inner retinal thickness and mean ganglion cell count were found to be significantly lower in the I/R group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Reduction in retinal damage in the I/R+DXP group compared to the I/R group; It was observed that there was an increase in inner retinal thickness and mean ganglion cell number. However, in terms of these parameters, it was determined that the difference between I/R and I/R+DXP groups was not statistically significant.When the control group and I/R group Total GSH values were compared, it was observed that it decreased significantly (P<0.05). When the SOD value was compared with the I/R+DXP group and the I/R group, an increase was observed in the SOD level and the difference between them was significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups in MDA, TAS and TOS levels. (P>0.05). Conclusion: The retinal ischemia-reperfusion model, which was created by connecting saline solution to the anterior chamber, was successfully performed biochemically and histopathologically, similar to previous studies. The reparative effect of the antioxidant mechanism of dexpanthenol on glaucoma has a limited effect on biochemical and histochemical parameters. Studies with larger samples are needed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of dexpanthenol in glaucoma. Key words: Glaucoma, Ischemia-Reperfusion., Dexpanthenol, Neuroprotection