Healing effect of the resveratrol on ischemic and normal left colon anastomosis

Anastomotic leakage is one of the most feared complications in gastrointestinal system surgery. Today, despite all kinds of surggical, technical and medical improvement, the high mortality and morbidity rates have directed researchers to work on agents that could affect the recovery in positive way.Resveratrol (RSV; 3,5, 40-trihidroksi-trans-stilben) which is present in red grape peel and red wine, is a natural polyphenolic compound that has antioxidation, antiinflammatory, antifungal, anticancer, antimutagenic, cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects.The aim of the study is to examine the possible effects of the oral RSV application on healing of normal and ischemic left colon anastomosis.Eighty-five male Wistar albino rats are divided in 8 groups consisting of 10 rats and a sham group with 5 rats.A left colonic anastomosis is performed in all subjects either in normal or ischemic conditions and RSV is given through orogastric way.On the 4th and 7th groups are sacrified for the evaluation of bursting pressure, anastomotic healing, tissue hydroxyproline levels, biochemical and histopathological parameters.It is observed that RSV application in ischemic and normal anastomosis caused a statistically significant increase in bursting pressure and hydroxyproline levels on both 4th and 7th days (p < 0.05).Althougt the RSV application is not statistically significant in biochemical analysis, a trend causing an increase in SOD level and decrease in MDA values were observed.RSV application has significantly reduced the inflammation in the normal anastomosis group on the 4th day and a meaningful decrease in inflamation and mucosal ischemia has been observed in ischemic anastomosis group. (p < 0.05).On the 7th day after surgery, a significant decrease has been observed in inflammation and neutrophil ratios in regular anastomosis group with RSV and it resulted in a significant decrease in inflammation, neutrophil ratio, and mucosal ischemia score in ischemic anastomosis model (p < 0.05).As a result of our study, it has been observed that the oral RSV application under normal and ischemic conditions has a positive effect on anastomotic healing by a positive impact on the levels of hydroxyproline and histopathological parameters.Further studies are needed to understand the tissue protective-effect mechanism, the effect of dose, the cellular activities causing the positive recovey effects on potent cells, collagen metabolism, ischemia, inflammation and neovascularization.